Layer2扩容方案

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

contract SimpleOptimisticRollup {
    // Sequencer地址
    address public sequencer;

    // 状态根
    bytes32 public stateRoot;

    // 批次信息
    struct Batch {
        bytes32 stateRoot;
        bytes32 transactionsRoot; // 交易的Merkle根
        uint256 timestamp;
        bool finalized;
    }

    // 批次ID -> 批次信息
    mapping(uint256 => Batch) public batches;
    uint256 public batchCounter;

    // 挑战期(简化为1小时)
    uint256 public constant CHALLENGE_PERIOD = 1 hours;

    // 质押金额
    uint256 public constant STAKE_AMOUNT = 1 ether;

    // 事件
    event BatchSubmitted(uint256 indexed batchId, bytes32 stateRoot, bytes32 transactionsRoot);
    event BatchFinalized(uint256 indexed batchId);
    event FraudProven(uint256 indexed batchId, address indexed challenger);

    constructor() {
        sequencer = msg.sender;
    }

    // 提交批次
    function submitBatch(
        bytes32 newStateRoot,
        bytes32 transactionsRoot
    ) external payable {
        require(msg.sender == sequencer, "Not sequencer");
        require(msg.value >= STAKE_AMOUNT, "Insufficient stake");

        batchCounter++;

        batches[batchCounter] = Batch({
            stateRoot: newStateRoot,
            transactionsRoot: transactionsRoot,
            timestamp: block.timestamp,
            finalized: false
        });

        emit BatchSubmitted(batchCounter, newStateRoot, transactionsRoot);
    }

    // 最终确认批次
    function finalizeBatch(uint256 batchId) external {
        Batch storage batch = batches[batchId];
        require(!batch.finalized, "Already finalized");
        require(
            block.timestamp >= batch.timestamp + CHALLENGE_PERIOD,
            "Challenge period not ended"
        );

        batch.finalized = true;
        stateRoot = batch.stateRoot;

        emit BatchFinalized(batchId);
    }

    // 提交欺诈证明(简化版)
    function proveFraud(
        uint256 batchId,
        bytes calldata transactionData,
        bytes32[] calldata merkleProof,
        bytes32 preStateRoot,
        bytes32 postStateRoot
    ) external {
        Batch storage batch = batches[batchId];
        require(!batch.finalized, "Already finalized");

        // 1. 验证交易在批次中(Merkle Proof)
        bytes32 txHash = keccak256(transactionData);
        require(
            verifyMerkleProof(merkleProof, batch.transactionsRoot, txHash),
            "Invalid merkle proof"
        );

        // 2. 重新执行交易
        bytes32 calculatedPostStateRoot = executeTransaction(preStateRoot, transactionData);

        // 3. 验证状态根是否匹配
        if (calculatedPostStateRoot != postStateRoot) {
            // 证明欺诈成功
            delete batches[batchId]; // 删除欺诈批次

            // 奖励挑战者
            payable(msg.sender).transfer(STAKE_AMOUNT);

            emit FraudProven(batchId, msg.sender);
        } else {
            revert("Not fraud");
        }
    }

    // 验证Merkle Proof
    function verifyMerkleProof(
        bytes32[] calldata proof,
        bytes32 root,
        bytes32 leaf
    ) internal pure returns (bool) {
        bytes32 computedHash = leaf;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < proof.length; i++) {
            computedHash = keccak256(
                abi.encodePacked(
                    computedHash < proof[i] ? computedHash : proof[i],
                    computedHash < proof[i] ? proof[i] : computedHash
                )
            );
        }

        return computedHash == root;
    }

    // 执行交易(简化版)
    function executeTransaction(
        bytes32 preStateRoot,
        bytes calldata transactionData
    ) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        // 实际实现中，这里会重新执行交易并计算新的状态根
        // 这里简化为直接哈希
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked(preStateRoot, transactionData));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

contract CanonicalTransactionChain {
    // 批次信息
    struct Batch {
        uint256 batchIndex;
        bytes32 batchRoot;
        uint256 batchSize;
        uint256 prevTotalElements;
        bytes extraData;
    }

    // 已提交的批次
    Batch[] public batches;

    // 排序器地址
    address public sequencer;

    event TransactionBatchAppended(
        uint256 indexed batchIndex,
        bytes32 batchRoot,
        uint256 batchSize,
        uint256 prevTotalElements,
        bytes extraData
    );

    constructor(address _sequencer) {
        sequencer = _sequencer;
    }

    // 添加交易批次
    function appendSequencerBatch() external {
        require(msg.sender == sequencer, "Not sequencer");

        // 从calldata中解析批次数据
        // 实际实现更复杂，这里简化
        uint256 batchIndex = batches.length;
        bytes32 batchRoot = keccak256(msg.data);
        uint256 batchSize = msg.data.length;
        uint256 prevTotalElements = getTotalElements();

        batches.push(Batch({
            batchIndex: batchIndex,
            batchRoot: batchRoot,
            batchSize: batchSize,
            prevTotalElements: prevTotalElements,
            extraData: ""
        }));

        emit TransactionBatchAppended(
            batchIndex,
            batchRoot,
            batchSize,
            prevTotalElements,
            ""
        );
    }

    // 获取总元素数
    function getTotalElements() public view returns (uint256) {
        if (batches.length == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        Batch memory lastBatch = batches[batches.length - 1];
        return lastBatch.prevTotalElements + lastBatch.batchSize;
    }

    // 获取批次数量
    function getTotalBatches() public view returns (uint256) {
        return batches.length;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

contract L1Bridge {
    // L2桥地址(在L1上记录)
    address public l2Bridge;

    // 已存款的总量
    mapping(address => uint256) public deposits;

    event DepositInitiated(
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256 amount
    );

    constructor(address _l2Bridge) {
        l2Bridge = _l2Bridge;
    }

    // 存款到L2
    function depositETH(address to) external payable {
        require(msg.value > 0, "Cannot deposit 0");

        deposits[msg.sender] += msg.value;

        // 发出事件，L2监听此事件并铸造相应的代币
        emit DepositInitiated(msg.sender, to, msg.value);
    }

    // 完成取款(由L2发起)
    function finalizeWithdrawal(
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) external {
        // 实际应该验证消息来自L2
        // 这里简化

        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Insufficient balance");

        payable(to).transfer(amount);
    }
}

// L2合约(简化)
contract L2Bridge {
    address public l1Bridge;

    event WithdrawalInitiated(
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256 amount
    );

    // 发起取款
    function withdraw(address to, uint256 amount) external {
        // 销毁L2上的ETH
        // ...

        // 发出事件
        emit WithdrawalInitiated(msg.sender, to, amount);

        // 实际实现中，需要将此消息提交到L1
        // 并等待挑战期结束
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

contract WithdrawalProver {
    // 已处理的取款
    mapping(bytes32 => bool) public processedWithdrawals;

    // 状态承诺链合约
    address public scc;

    struct WithdrawalMessage {
        address from;
        address to;
        uint256 amount;
        uint256 nonce;
    }

    event WithdrawalFinalized(
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256 amount
    );

    // 完成取款
    function finalizeWithdrawal(
        WithdrawalMessage calldata message,
        uint256 batchIndex,
        bytes32[] calldata merkleProof
    ) external {
        // 1. 计算消息哈希
        bytes32 messageHash = keccak256(abi.encode(message));

        // 2. 检查是否已处理
        require(!processedWithdrawals[messageHash], "Already processed");

        // 3. 验证批次已最终确认
        require(isBatchFinalized(batchIndex), "Batch not finalized");

        // 4. 验证Merkle Proof
        bytes32 batchRoot = getBatchRoot(batchIndex);
        require(
            verifyMerkleProof(merkleProof, batchRoot, messageHash),
            "Invalid proof"
        );

        // 5. 标记为已处理
        processedWithdrawals[messageHash] = true;

        // 6. 转账
        payable(message.to).transfer(message.amount);

        emit WithdrawalFinalized(message.from, message.to, message.amount);
    }

    function isBatchFinalized(uint256 batchIndex) internal view returns (bool) {
        // 查询SCC合约
        // 简化实现
        return true;
    }

    function getBatchRoot(uint256 batchIndex) internal view returns (bytes32) {
        // 查询SCC合约
        // 简化实现
        return bytes32(0);
    }

    function verifyMerkleProof(
        bytes32[] calldata proof,
        bytes32 root,
        bytes32 leaf
    ) internal pure returns (bool) {
        bytes32 computedHash = leaf;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < proof.length; i++) {
            computedHash = keccak256(
                abi.encodePacked(
                    computedHash < proof[i] ? computedHash : proof[i],
                    computedHash < proof[i] ? proof[i] : computedHash
                )
            );
        }

        return computedHash == root;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

// 注意: 这是高度简化的示例，真实的ZK Rollup要复杂得多
contract SimpleZKRollup {
    // 状态根
    bytes32 public stateRoot;

    // 验证者合约(用于验证zk-SNARK证明)
    IVerifier public verifier;

    // 批次计数器
    uint256 public batchCounter;

    // 批次信息
    struct Batch {
        bytes32 stateRoot;
        uint256 timestamp;
    }

    mapping(uint256 => Batch) public batches;

    event BatchCommitted(uint256 indexed batchId, bytes32 stateRoot);

    constructor(address _verifier) {
        verifier = IVerifier(_verifier);
        stateRoot = bytes32(0);
    }

    // 提交批次(包含zk-SNARK证明)
    function commitBatch(
        bytes32 newStateRoot,
        uint256[] calldata publicInputs,
        bytes calldata proof
    ) external {
        // 1. 验证zk-SNARK证明
        require(
            verifier.verify(publicInputs, proof),
            "Invalid proof"
        );

        // 2. 验证公共输入
        require(
            publicInputs[0] == uint256(stateRoot), // 旧状态根
            "Invalid old state root"
        );
        require(
            publicInputs[1] == uint256(newStateRoot), // 新状态根
            "Invalid new state root"
        );

        // 3. 更新状态根(立即生效，无需挑战期!)
        stateRoot = newStateRoot;

        // 4. 记录批次
        batchCounter++;
        batches[batchCounter] = Batch({
            stateRoot: newStateRoot,
            timestamp: block.timestamp
        });

        emit BatchCommitted(batchCounter, newStateRoot);
    }
}

// zk-SNARK验证器接口
interface IVerifier {
    function verify(
        uint256[] calldata publicInputs,
        bytes calldata proof
    ) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

// zkSync上的合约与以太坊几乎完全相同
contract zkSyncExample {
    mapping(address => uint256) public balances;

    function deposit() external payable {
        balances[msg.sender] += msg.value;
    }

    function withdraw(uint256 amount) external {
        require(balances[msg.sender] >= amount, "Insufficient balance");
        balances[msg.sender] -= amount;
        payable(msg.sender).transfer(amount);
    }
}

// 特殊的zkSync功能
import "@matterlabs/zksync-contracts/l2/system-contracts/Constants.sol";

contract zkSyncSpecial {
    // 使用任意代币支付Gas
    function payWithToken() external {
        // zkSync特有功能
    }

    // 账户抽象
    // 用户可以使用智能合约钱包，支持多签、社交恢复等
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

contract InteractiveFraudProof {
    enum ChallengeState { None, Challenging, Resolved }

    struct Challenge {
        address challenger;
        address sequencer;
        uint256 batchId;
        uint256 leftBound;
        uint256 rightBound;
        bytes32 claimedStateRoot;
        ChallengeState state;
        uint256 round;
    }

    mapping(uint256 => Challenge) public challenges;
    uint256 public challengeCounter;

    // 发起挑战
    function initiateChallenge(
        uint256 batchId,
        uint256 numTransactions,
        bytes32 claimedStateRoot
    ) external {
        challengeCounter++;

        challenges[challengeCounter] = Challenge({
            challenger: msg.sender,
            sequencer: address(0), // 从批次中获取
            batchId: batchId,
            leftBound: 0,
            rightBound: numTransactions,
            claimedStateRoot: claimedStateRoot,
            state: ChallengeState.Challenging,
            round: 0
        });
    }

    // 二分查找
    function bisect(
        uint256 challengeId,
        bytes32[] calldata intermediateStates
    ) external {
        Challenge storage challenge = challenges[challengeId];
        require(challenge.state == ChallengeState.Challenging, "Not challenging");

        uint256 numSteps = challenge.rightBound - challenge.leftBound;
        require(intermediateStates.length == numSteps + 1, "Invalid states");

        // 找到第一个不匹配的状态
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < intermediateStates.length - 1; i++) {
            // 验证中间状态
            // 如果发现不匹配，缩小范围
            challenge.leftBound = challenge.leftBound + i;
            challenge.rightBound = challenge.leftBound + 1;
            challenge.round++;
            break;
        }

        // 如果范围缩小到1个交易，进入最终验证
        if (challenge.rightBound - challenge.leftBound == 1) {
            finalizeChallenge(challengeId);
        }
    }

    // 最终验证(在L1上执行单个交易)
    function finalizeChallenge(uint256 challengeId) internal {
        Challenge storage challenge = challenges[challengeId];

        // 在L1上重新执行这个交易
        // 比较结果
        // 如果Sequencer错误，罚款并删除批次
        // 如果Challenger错误，罚款Challenger

        challenge.state = ChallengeState.Resolved;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

contract RootChainManager {
    // 检查点信息
    struct Checkpoint {
        bytes32 root;
        uint256 start;
        uint256 end;
        uint256 timestamp;
    }

    Checkpoint[] public checkpoints;

    // 验证者集合
    mapping(address => bool) public validators;

    event NewCheckpoint(
        uint256 indexed checkpointId,
        bytes32 root,
        uint256 start,
        uint256 end
    );

    // 提交检查点(只有验证者可以)
    function submitCheckpoint(
        bytes32 root,
        uint256 start,
        uint256 end,
        bytes[] calldata sigs
    ) external {
        // 验证签名(需要2/3+1的验证者签名)
        require(verifySignatures(root, start, end, sigs), "Invalid signatures");

        checkpoints.push(Checkpoint({
            root: root,
            start: start,
            end: end,
            timestamp: block.timestamp
        }));

        emit NewCheckpoint(checkpoints.length - 1, root, start, end);
    }

    function verifySignatures(
        bytes32 root,
        uint256 start,
        uint256 end,
        bytes[] calldata sigs
    ) internal view returns (bool) {
        // 验证签名逻辑
        // 简化实现
        return true;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

// 部署在多个Rollup上
contract FastBridge {
    // 流动性提供者
    mapping(address => uint256) public liquidity;

    // 待处理的转账
    mapping(bytes32 => bool) public pendingTransfers;

    event TransferInitiated(
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256 amount,
        uint256 destinationChainId,
        bytes32 transferId
    );

    event TransferCompleted(
        bytes32 indexed transferId,
        address indexed to,
        uint256 amount
    );

    // 发起跨链转账
    function initiateTransfer(
        address to,
        uint256 destinationChainId
    ) external payable {
        require(msg.value > 0, "Cannot transfer 0");

        bytes32 transferId = keccak256(
            abi.encodePacked(
                msg.sender,
                to,
                msg.value,
                block.chainid,
                destinationChainId,
                block.timestamp
            )
        );

        pendingTransfers[transferId] = true;

        emit TransferInitiated(
            msg.sender,
            to,
            msg.value,
            destinationChainId,
            transferId
        );
    }

    // 完成转账(在目标链上)
    function completeTransfer(
        bytes32 transferId,
        address to,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata proof
    ) external {
        require(!pendingTransfers[transferId], "Already completed");

        // 验证proof(来自源链的Merkle Proof)
        // 实际实现需要验证L1上的数据

        require(liquidity[msg.sender] >= amount, "Insufficient liquidity");

        pendingTransfers[transferId] = true;
        liquidity[msg.sender] -= amount;

        payable(to).transfer(amount);

        emit TransferCompleted(transferId, to, amount);
    }

    // 添加流动性
    function addLiquidity() external payable {
        liquidity[msg.sender] += msg.value;
    }

    // 移除流动性
    function removeLiquidity(uint256 amount) external {
        require(liquidity[msg.sender] >= amount, "Insufficient liquidity");

        liquidity[msg.sender] -= amount;
        payable(msg.sender).transfer(amount);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

contract MiniRollup {
    // 账户余额(L2状态)
    mapping(address => uint256) public balances;

    // 状态根
    bytes32 public stateRoot;

    // 批次
    struct Batch {
        bytes32 stateRoot;
        bytes32 transactionsHash;
        uint256 timestamp;
        bool finalized;
    }

    mapping(uint256 => Batch) public batches;
    uint256 public batchCount;

    // Sequencer
    address public sequencer;

    // 挑战期
    uint256 public constant CHALLENGE_PERIOD = 1 hours; // 简化为1小时

    event Deposited(address indexed user, uint256 amount);
    event BatchSubmitted(uint256 indexed batchId, bytes32 stateRoot);
    event WithdrawalInitiated(address indexed user, uint256 amount);

    constructor() {
        sequencer = msg.sender;
    }

    // 存款(L1 -> L2)
    function deposit() external payable {
        require(msg.value > 0, "Cannot deposit 0");

        // 在L2状态中增加余额
        balances[msg.sender] += msg.value;

        emit Deposited(msg.sender, msg.value);
    }

    // 提交批次
    function submitBatch(
        bytes32 newStateRoot,
        bytes calldata transactions
    ) external {
        require(msg.sender == sequencer, "Not sequencer");

        batchCount++;

        bytes32 txHash = keccak256(transactions);

        batches[batchCount] = Batch({
            stateRoot: newStateRoot,
            transactionsHash: txHash,
            timestamp: block.timestamp,
            finalized: false
        });

        emit BatchSubmitted(batchCount, newStateRoot);
    }

    // 最终确认批次
    function finalizeBatch(uint256 batchId) external {
        Batch storage batch = batches[batchId];
        require(!batch.finalized, "Already finalized");
        require(
            block.timestamp >= batch.timestamp + CHALLENGE_PERIOD,
            "Challenge period not ended"
        );

        batch.finalized = true;
        stateRoot = batch.stateRoot;
    }

    // 发起取款(L2 -> L1)
    function initiateWithdrawal(uint256 amount) external {
        require(balances[msg.sender] >= amount, "Insufficient balance");

        // 在L2状态中减少余额
        balances[msg.sender] -= amount;

        emit WithdrawalInitiated(msg.sender, amount);

        // 实际实现中，这个事件会被包含在批次中
        // 批次最终确认后，用户可以在L1上完成取款
    }

    // 完成取款
    function finalizeWithdrawal(
        uint256 amount,
        uint256 batchId,
        bytes32[] calldata proof
    ) external {
        Batch storage batch = batches[batchId];
        require(batch.finalized, "Batch not finalized");

        // 验证取款消息在批次中(Merkle Proof)
        // 简化实现，实际需要验证proof

        // 转账
        payable(msg.sender).transfer(amount);
    }
}